Of All The Mental Duties Revealed About The Rat During

Of all the mental duties revealed about the rat during this book, the one that most interested me was direct reciprocity. This was the most intriguing information, because while generalized reciprocity would seem to be a higher functioning thought process, in reality direct reciprocity is far more complex. The animals must learn and understand reciprocal altruism. Not only are the animals required to learn that there is a causal relationship between cooperatively working together and receiving more rewards, there is an entire chain of events that must take place. In order to perform direct reciprocity a rat must be able to tell apart other rats, and keep a mental list. This list consists of all of the specific rats that have helped it in†¦show more content†¦In this instance migratory birds are able to learn a sort of mental compass. While many people would assume that this information is genetically encoded, that is impossible since celestial poles change every 27,000 years (far faster than evolution can update a bird s mental gps). Rather than have this information genetically encoded, the migratory birds are genetically prepared to learn this information. Nestlings spend a majority of their time watching the constellations, in order to map the stars. The quality and quantity of the material the baby birds must learn is fascinatingly impressive. The cherished notion on the uniqueness of human intelligence is an unfair assumption. Many people dwell upon these ideas in order to feel superiority and to justify actions. People would be far less willing to experiment on lab rats if they acknowledged the fact that they are intelligent. People typically regard animals as less intelligent than they really are because if they didn’t then it would create a cognitive dissonance. 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